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Polistes humilis
''Polistes humilis'' is a species of the Vespidae family that can be found throughout Australia and New Zealand. Also known as the common paper wasp, this species can be identified by their long thin legs and banded yellow and black coloring.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Common Paper Wasp (Polistes humilis) )〕 Interestingly, this species has been known to re-utilize old nests.〔 While the species doesn't exhibit morphological class differences,〔 there are distinct behavioral differences between queens and workers. In addition, the species is eusocial and benefits from relatedness between individuals. This species of wasp is known for delivering a painful sting, especially when their nest is disturbed, a behavior that has been developed as a nest defense mechanism. While wasps are often viewed negatively, they play an important pollination role for many plants.〔
==Taxonomy and phylogeny==
''Polistes humilis'' is in the genus ''Polistes'', which consists of 150 species that can be found in all regions except the world's coldest climates. Additionally, ''Polistes humilis'' is the only species of the tribe Polistini found in New Zealand after it was accidentally introduced from Australia.〔(【引用サイトリンク】date= 1978 )〕 There are 11 different ''Polistes'' species found in Australia, and the ''Polistes humilis'' is the most prevalant one. Historically, ''Polistes variabilis'' has often been misidentified as a sub-species of ''Polistes humilis.'' But, recent photogenic analysis has indicated that these are two separate species.〔(【引用サイトリンク】date= November 15, 1997 )〕 The species can be divided into two subspecies, ''P. humilis humilis'' which is found in northern Australia and ''P.humilis synoeus'' which can be found in the south.〔(【引用サイトリンク】date= June 25, 1986 )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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